Boiler



Oct. 9', 11 928; T387, I 72 A. MERTZANOFF BOILER I J Filed May 15, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet l v I INVENTOR M 9 W (4 ATTORNEY Oct. 9, 1928. 1,6 21 72 A. M. MERTZANOFF BOILER Filed May 15, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Oct. 9, 1928.

A. M. MERTZVANOFF BOILER Filed May 15, 1925 3 Sheets-v-Shee't 5 Patented Got. 9, 1928 same sr-A TEs iPe'rlirrr 0mm 1 Ama a MANUEL MnR'rzANornoF NEW YORK, iv. Y., ASSIGNOR To AMERICANRADIA- TOR COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,' .A'GORPORATION OF'NEW: JERSEY.

BOILER.

Application filed May 15,1925. Serial No. 30,41s0.

My invention relates toimprovements in heating apparatus and'the same has for its object to provide a boiler, for house heating V 1 1 purposes Which may be readily enlarged or decreased in accordance with the predeten mined load to be imposed upon theboiler.

Further, said invention has for its obgect to provide a boiler Which may be readily enlarged or decreasedbetween certain pre-- scribed high and lowcliniits, and still'maintain the proper relation or balance between heat absorbing surface, rate area and fuel the said limits.

Further, said invention hastor itsobject 'ide' a boiler which may be readily ened, between certain specified lim Us, by merely removing the intermediate Water containing section, Which constitutes the top and upper side Wall portions'ot the combustion chamber and :tirepot, fiIltllllSQlbing in place thereof another intermediate sec-V tion'ot d rent size which wil accommodate the additional fluid to be heated, andat the same timeproportionately increase capacity the firepot and combustion chamber, and

the inner or heat absorbing surfaces thereof to meet the increasedload, and still maintain the proper ratios which said heat absorbing si m; must bear to the grate area necesu' ciency of the l urther, sa

io-iler. (l invention has for its objectto pro-vi le a bo in which th height or depth of the firepot may be increased in order to accommodate a deeper bed of fuel to-maintain proper balance or relation between ""lcaoacity, grate area anc heat absorbing I i i scoot the firepot and combustion chamher. when the capacity or the boiler 1s to be varied. r

grate area for all sizes ofboilers betweento yield tie maximum operating eiii- Further, said invention has for its object to provide a boiler in vWhich the fuel supply opening is adjustable whereby to increase or diminish the height of the fuel mass Within the firepot in vorder that the boiler may be ,readily adapted-to suit different predetermined loads to be imposed upon the boiler.v

Further, said invention has for its object to provide a boiler in which the fuel supply opening is arranged in a movable member or frame so that the height ofsaid fuel opening With respect to the grate maybe ,variedto increase or diminish the fuel capacity, of the f firepot in accordance with different predetermined loads to be imposed upon the boiler,

Further said inventionhasforits object to provide a. boiler in which the fuel supply opening is arranged in amember; or iramen Which is adjustable With regard to the top and bottom sections of the boiler so as to-permit of the insertion and substitution, between said bottom and top sections, of an intermediate sectionof the appropriate height required to 1 produce a boiler ot' certain predetermined capacity,

v Other objects Will in part beobvious, and in part bepointed out hereinafter; v

' It. is the usualpractice When a round horizontally-sectional boiler is to be enlarged to I accommodate an increased load imposed 1 thereon by reason of additional radiators or heating surfaces being included in the system to add, above the sections forming the firepot and combustion chamber, merely one or more additional Water-containing horizontal flue sections. In doing'this, however, no attempt is made to proportion or balance. the capacity of the firepot and combustion chamber With respecttothe inner or heat absorbing surfaces thereof and to the increased fuel capacity necessary to compensate for such addedflue surface, and the increased volume of heating fluid Whose temperature must be raise dto the predetermined degree necessary to'cause all of the radiators of thewheating 7 system to function properly, i. e., to provide the maximum heat transfer efiiciently. Where the size of a boiler is increased in this manner to take care or an increased load invariably one Which is unbalanced asto heat absorbing surface, grate area or fuel capacity is installed I which results in a poor performance'and in v uneconomlcal consumptlonof fuel.

Now, according to my invention, 1 am enabled to produce a boiler which for a given grate area can be enlarged or diminished be proportion as will yield the best results both in relation to fuel economy and to heating performance.

In the accompanying drawings fOllIlll'lg a part of this specification,

Figure 1 is a front elevation showing one form of boiler constructed according to and embodying said invention;

Fig. 2 is a central vertical section thereof;

Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line of Figure 1;

4 is a detail transverse section on the line ir-4i of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 2 showing the boiler enlarged by the introduction of a larger sized intermediate section;

Figs. 6, 7, and 8, are front edge views of the severalintermediate sections, showing the relative difference in the sizes thereof; I

Figs. 6 and 8, respectively, are detail perspective views partly in section, of'said intermediate sections; and 1 Fig. 9 is a detail front elevation showing the upper part of a boiler illustrating a modification.

' In said drawings 10 designates a round, sectional boiler comprising three horizontal sections, viz; a horizontal member 11, which forms the lower portion of the iirepot, an intermediate section 13, which jointly with the member 11 forms the complete firepot-and combustion chamber 12, and a top section 15. The members and sections 11', 13 and 15 are secured together in assembled relation by bolts 14, andare mounted upona hollow base 16 I which forms the ash pit. The base 16 is provided with an opening controlled by a door 16. he firepot member 11 is provided at its lower front edge with a slicing opening 17 having a door 17 and abovesaid slicing opening 17 and adjacent to the upper front edge of the firepot member 11 is provided the fuel opening 18 having a door 18. Above the fuel opening18, and at the junction of the intermediate section 13, and top section 15 is provided a flue clean-out opening 19 having a door 19 i In the construction illustrated the grate 20 is composed of bars 20 suitably supported in convenient manner in the base 16! The fire pot member 11 consists of an annular, doublewalled fluid or water-containing structure adapted to support at its upper end an appro priate intermediate section 13 which consists of a hollow or double-walled crown sheet 13 and hollow wall portions 13 whose depending portion along its periphery registers with the upper end of the vertical wall portion of the firepot member 11.

recurs Upon the intermediate section 13 is disposed the hollow fluid or water-containing top section or dome 15 which is provided upon its under side with a substantially ll-shaped depending water-backed baffle member 15 whose lower edge contacts with the registering upper edge of a corresponding waterbaclced baffle member l3 which party encloses a longitudinal flue opening 15 arranged centrally in the intermediate section 13, and formingwith' the spaces between'the outer sides of the baffle members 15*, 13 and the outer wall portions of the sections 13, 15, passages extending from the combustion chamher to the smoke hood 21. I

In thedrawing I have shown four different heights of intermediate sections 13, 22, 23, 2e,

the section 13 when combined with the thepot member 11, as illustrated at Fig. 1, will 'ointlv roduce a fire dot and combustion J a chamber whose inner or heat absorbing surface, to the area of the grate 20 will satisfy the formula HS(FP+CC) l in which a reoresents the radius of the grate flrepot member 11 and top 15 will form the largest size boiler, and have a total inner or heat absorbing surface which willconstitute the-high ration limit, and will satisfy the 1 formula The intermediate sized sections 22,23,1nay

'be of any sizes larger than the section 13, and

smaller than the section 2%, an'deither of said sections 22, 23 taken together with the firepot section 11 will present an inner or heat absorb mg surface which 13 less than that provided by the comblned parts 11 and 2a, and more lll) than the col .bined parts 11 and 13, but all will still be. within the formula high and low limits of the constant represented by 50 as thehigh limit, and i l as the low limit.

To provide for the increase in size of the boiler to carry an increased predetermined load the fuel receptacle must be proportionately enlarged to accommodate the increased depth or height of the fuel mass; It will, of course, be obvlous that the fuel level cannot be raised without correspondingly raising the I lower edge of the fuel opening phsh this I provide the fuel opening with an adjustable plate or frame 25 having a fuel opening therein provided along its edge witha laterally extending flange or rim 27, which registers with the edge of the door 13 hinged at one side to said plate or frame 25.

The upper horizontal portion 27 and the side portions 27 of the flange or rim 27 are To accomspaced equally from the'adjacent'edges of the plateior frame 25, while the lower horizontal portion 27 of said flange or rim is spaced a greater distance from the adjacent lower edge of said plate or frame 25 in orderto form a,

deep flange or apron 28.

lnthe smaller sized boilers the fuel opening is provided almostentirely inand bound ed by the upper portion of the lower horizontalzmember or section 11, the upper edgeof saidopening being formed by the fronthorizontallower cdge'of the intermediate section 13, while the upper and lower edges of the opening in the plate or frame25, are, respectively, substantially flush with the 'correspending horizontal edges of the intermediate section, and of-the lower horizontal member or section 13, as seen at Fig; 1.

In the larger sizesof boilers, the fuel opening is'provided partly in the lowermember or section 11, and-partly in the intermediate sections22, 23, 2%. In these larger sizes the upper horizontal edge of the fuel opening in the plate-or frame 25 is substantially flush with the recessed horizontal edge 13 of said intermediate sections 22, 23, 24, while the lower horizontal edge will he a horizontal plane above the horizontal edge 18* of'thelower section or member 11. In all instances the plate or frame 25 issecured to the-boiler sections or parts bycbolts 29.

I Inorder to permit of the due'adjustment and securement of the plate or frame 25,v the same may be provided adjacent to its upper edge and at the loweriiangeportion'or apron 28 with holes to receive bolts'29 whose'inner ends or heads are movably disposed within said slots29. provided in the front wall of the lower horizontal member 11 andito the topsection 15 to permit of the vertical adjustment of said plate or frame and'the door I 18, and the securement of said plate in ad- Justed position.

To protect the inner or rear side of the plate or frame "25 from being burned out when said plate is securedin its raised adj usted position, a protective guard,such as a filler block of refractory or other material may be inserted to the rear thereof and upon the lower horizontal edge 18 of the fuel opening inthe lower section 11 and secured in by oneior more bolts 30 7 v In the modification illustratedatFii place 9, the boiler'is of the same construction as herein-' above described, with the exception that the fuel supply door 18 andthe flue door 19 aremounted upon separate plates or frames 25?, 25*. respectively, and secured by bolts 18, I

18. The bolts 18V adjacent to the lower edge of the lower plate or frame 25 have their heads s lidably disposed within slots 29 in the 'ront of the lower horizontal member 11 to permit of the vertical adjustment ofthe fuel supply opening as hereinabove described.

It isito benoted particularlyithat by means more or less in of my invention I'am enabledito providea series ofsizes toforma boiler suited to different predetermined loads, .abetween certain fixed high and low limits, by merely remoV- ing the section-13, located between the normal top and bottom sections, andlinserting" the proper sized section in place thereof, and furtherthat by the novel arrangement of fuel opening and its closure I am enabled to correwhat I claim'and desire to securefbyLetters Patent is a ,1. Aboiler of the typedescrib ed comprising a plurality of horizontal sections,-certain ofwhi'ch jointly form the firepot and combustion chamber whose aggregate inner or heat absorbing surface in relation to grate area is in. the Proportion of about- 1+ "in which 7 represents the radius of the grate expressed in inches, substantially as specified.

, 2. A boiler of the type described comprising a plurality of horizontal sections, two of which jointly form the firepot and combustion chamber; one of said sections forming a portion of the side walls of said firepot and combustion chamber, and the other one forming the top and. t-heremainder of the side walls and whose aggregate innerror heat-ab? sorbing surface in relation to. grate area'isin the proportion of about? andinwhich 7' represents the radius of the grate expressed in inches, substantially asspecified.

3. A boilercof the type described comprising a plurality of superimposed sections two of which sections jointly form the firepot and combustion chamber; one of said sections forminga portion of'the side walls of the firepot. and combustion" chamber, and the other one forming theI'top and remainder of the side walls of saidfuel receptacle and combustion chamber, and in which the aggregate area of the inner or heat absorbing surfaces of said firepot and combustion chamber in relation to grate area is in the proportion of a which i" representsthe radiusof the grate expressed in'inches, substantially as specifiedi. A; boiler of fthetypezdescribed compriss c r i not less than 1 jnor more than 1 in ing a plurality of horizontal sections, two of which 3o1ntly form the firepot and combustion chamber; one of said sections forming a portion of the side wall of firepot and combustion chamber, and the other one forming the top and the remainder of'the side wall of said firepot and combustion chamber, and in whichthe aggregate area of the inner or heat absorbing surfaces of said lirepot and combustion chamber in relation to grate area will satisfy the equation varies befrom said hollow top and communicating therewith, the combined area of the inner or heat absorbing surfaces of said top and'its side wall portion and of the bottom side wall. portion n relation to grate area being in the proportionof about 1 g and in which rrepresents the radius of the grate expressed in inches, substantially as specified.

6. A boiler comprising a plurality of superimposed fluid containing sections and comprising a hollow, annular bottom member and an upper member con'iprising a hollow top and hollow annular side walls depending from the edge of said top and registering with the annular bottom member and forming jointly therewith a '[irepot and combustion chamber, the aggregate inner or heat absorbing surface "of which in relation to grate area is in the proportion of not less than 1 and not exceeding 1 and in which 1" represents the radius of the grate expressed in inches, substantially as specified.

7. A horizontal sectional boiler comprising a hollow dome, a hollow annular bottom section and a replaceable section intermediate said dome and bottom, comprising a horizontal hollow walled top and hollow walled annular wall portion depending from the edge of said top and communicating there with and forming jointly with said bottom section a firepot and combustion chamber whose inner or heat absorbing surface is variable by the removal of said intermediate section and replacement thereof by one of different size, in relation to grate area in the i n V 44 proportion or not less than 1 normore than 1+ mnd in which 7 represents the radius of the grate expresseo in inches, substantialiy as specified 8. A boiler of the type described comprising a top section; and a lirepot and combustion chamber portion comprising one part having a dimension of fixed value and a second separate-partcooperating with said first I named part and having a dimensionof fixed value; the aggregate area of the inner orheat absorbing surfaces of said parts combined iaving a heat absorbing surface propor: tioned in accordance with a predetermined load to be imposed upon the boiler, and in vhich said heat absorbing surface in relation to grate area is in the proportion'of about 4'7 1 1 72111Cl111 which 0* represents the radius of the grate expressed in inches, substantially as specified.

9. A boiler of the type described comprising a top, a bottom and an intermediate section; said bottom section and said intermediate sec tion jointly forming the firepot and combi tion chamber, and inwliich said bottom section has dimension of lixedvalue and is combinable with any single one of a series of interi'nediate sections each of which has a definite diinensional value differ ng from the other sections of said series, to provide an inner or heat absorbing surface for said firepot and combustion chamber whose area in relation to grate area is in the'proportioiiof 47 about 1 in which 1 represents the radius of the grate expressed in inches, substantially as specified. I i r 10. A boiler of the type described comprising a top, a bottom and an intermediate section 5 said bottom section and said intermediate section jointlyforming the ii repot and con'ibustion chamber, and in which said bot- -tom section has a dimension of fixed value and is combinable with any single one of a series of intermediate sections eacliof'which has a definite dimensional value differing from the other sections of said series, to'proride an inner or heat absorbing surface for said lircgot and combustion chamber whose area in relation to grate area is in the propor- 4 7 tion of not less than 1+? nor more than 50 1 in which 1 represents the radius of the grate exoresse'd in inches, substantially as specified.

11. A sectional boiler comprising a top, a

bottom and an intermediate section, said bottom and intermediate sections bounding the "uel opening, and a member having an opening therein adjustably secured to the boiler whereby to permit of the insertion between said top and bottom sections of intermediate sections of different heights whereby to vary the capacity of the boiler, substantially as specified.

1 A sectional boiler comprising a top, a bottom and an intermediate section, said bottom and intermediate sections bounding the fuel opening, and a plate having an opening therein registerin with said fuel opening formed by said bottom and intermediate sections, adjustable means for securing said plate in position to certain of said sections to permitof the insertion between said top and bottom sections of intermediate sections of different heights whereby to vary the capacity of the boiler, substantially as specified.

13. In a sectional boiler having a fuel'opening in the side thereof, means for varying the capacity of the boiler including, an adjustable member associated with said opening and having an opening therein, a cover for said last named opening, and means for securing said member in adjusted position whereby to vary the fuel capacity of the firepot, substantially as specified.

1a. In a boiler of the type described having a fuel opening in the side thereof, means for varying the capacity of the boiler, the boiler including a plate disposed over said opening, and having an opening therein of smaller area than the opening in the side of said boiler, and means for securing said plate in adjusted position with respect to the grate level whereby to vary the fuel capacity of the firepot, substantially as specified.

15. In a boiler of the type described having a fuel opening in the side thereof, means for varying the capacity of the boiler including a plate adapted for securement in position over said opening and having an opening therein of smaller area than the opening in the side of the boiler, a cover for the opening in said plate, and means to permit of the shifting of said plate with respect to the grate level whereby to vary the fuel capacity of the firepot, in accordance with the load imposed upon the boiler, substantially as specified.

16. In a sectional boiler of the type described, a plurality of horizontal sections, certain of said sections forming therebetween an opening, a plate disposed over said opening, and having an opening therein of smaller area than said first named opening, a cover for the opening in said plate, and means for adjustably securing said plate with respect to the grate level, whereby to permit of the varying of the fuel capacity of the firepot in accordance with the load imposed upon the boiler; substantially as specified.

17. In a sectional boiler of the type described, a plurality of horizontal sections, certain of said sections forming therebetween an opening, a plate disposed over said opening and having an opening therein of smaller area than said first named opening, a cover for the opening in said plate, and means for adjust-- ably securing said plate in a vertical plane with respect to the grate level, whereby to vary the fuel capacity of the firepot, substantially as specified;

18. In a sectional boiler of the type described, a plurality of horizontal sections, certain of said sections forming therebetween an opening, a plate disposed'over said opening, and having an opening thereinregistering with the opening formed between said sections, said opening being materially smaller in height than the height of the opening between said sections, and arranged nearer to one of the longitudinal edges of said plate than the other of said edges, a cover for the opening in said plate, and means for adjusting said plate in a vertical plane with respect to said gratelevel whereby to permit of the varying of the fuel capacity of the firepot, in accordance with the load imposed upon the boiler, substantially as specified.

Signed at the city of New York, in the county and State of New York, this 17th day of March, one thousand nine hundred and twenty-five.

ANDRE MANUEL MERT ZANOFF. 

